Chilling cookie dough: Does it make a difference? (2024)

Why refrigerate chocolate chip cookie dough — or for that matter, any basic drop cookie dough — before baking? Does chilling cookie dough really make any difference?

The short answer: yes, chilling cookie dough prior to baking does make a difference. But the story behind that "yes" might surprise you.

We recently tested this question with a batch of chocolate chip cookie dough. Understand, though, that these results can be applied to other kinds of plain drop cookie dough:sugar cookies,snickerdoodles, etc.

First, we baked some of the cookie dough immediately, without any chilling. Then, we put the dough in the fridge and continued to bake cookies over the next 10 days, at regularly spaced intervals after aging.

The result?

Chilling cookie dough: Does it make a difference? (1)

Chilling cookie dough for just 30 minutes makes a big difference.

The cookies pictured above are the same size, weight-wise. But look at the difference in spread — the cookie dough that was refrigerated spread less. The cookie dough without refrigeration also browned less.

So, the longer the dough is chilled, the more the cookies change?

Chilling cookie dough: Does it make a difference? (2)

The longer you chill cookie dough, the smaller the changes become.

Call it the law of diminishing returns. The major difference is between no chilling at all vs. chilling cookie dough for 30 minutes. After that, the baked cookie continues to evolve — though very gradually.

Chilling cookie dough: Does it make a difference? (3)

Over time, chilling cookie dough produces cookies with darker color and more pronounced flavor.

Here you see the beginning and end of the test: Clearly the cookie baked from dough aged for 10 days in the refrigerator spread less and is darker in color. Its flavor is also more pronounced; our taste testers couldn't identify any particular flavor note that stood out above the rest, but simply noted that the cookie aged for 10 days "tastes better" than the cookie baked on day #1.

Overall, cookies baked immediately tasted rather flat; and their texture was soft and rather doughy, without being chewy. Cookies baked after chilling the dough (for as little as 30 minutes) became chewy, and progressively more flavorful with longer aging.

So, what does chilling cookie dough do, exactly?

1) Chilling cookie dough controls spread.

Chilling cookie dough before baking solidifies the fat in the cookies. As the cookies bake, the fat in the chilled cookie dough takes longer to melt than room-temperature fat. And the longer the fat remains solid, the less cookies spread.

In addition, the sugar in the dough gradually absorbs liquid. If you bake the dough immediately, before sugar has a chance to absorb much liquid, that liquid remains "free" in the dough, and promotes spread. Think of this in terms of thin vs. thick pancake batter: the more liquid in batter, the more it spreads, right? Same with cookies.

Chilling cookie dough: Does it make a difference? (4)

2) Chilling cookie dough concentrates flavor.

As the dough chills, it gradually dries out, concentrating the flavors of all the ingredients. Think of watered-down lemonade, vs. lemonade with less water: dull flavor vs. bright, tangy flavor. Same with cookies.

Something else happens as the dough rests: part of the flour breaks down into its component parts, including a simple carbohydrate, sugar. Thus, since sugar is a flavor enhancer (like salt), the cookies may taste more flavorful, as well as sweeter after aging.

3) Chilling cookie dough changes texture.

Again, it's not really the chilling, but the dough gradually drying out, that's responsible for texture change. The drier the dough, the more concentrated the sugar. And a higher percentage of sugar creates cookies with chewy/crisp (rather than soft/doughy) texture.

So, enough with the science; let's enjoy one of these fresh-baked chocolate chip cookies, shall we? At the end of the day — or even after just 30 minutes — there's simply nothing finer.


Do you have any chocolate chip cookie tips to pass along? Please share in "comments," below.

Chilling cookie dough: Does it make a difference? (2024)

FAQs

Does chilling cookie dough make a difference? ›

Firmer Dough

Firm dough prevents the cookies from spreading too much, which is why chilling the dough is a crucial step for cut-out and rolled cookies. "The colder and more solid the fat is, the less the cookie will spread," says food stylist and recipe developer Caitlin Haught Brown.

How long should you let cookie dough chill? ›

How Long Should I Chill Cookie Dough? Anywhere from 24 to 72 hours. The longer you chill the dough, the more flavor will develop. The flour will also absorb more of the moisture so the thicker and chewier the final texture will be.

Does chilling the dough cause cookies to spread more less? ›

But the truth is, the primary reason bakers chill their dough is to prevent cookies from spreading too much. Chilling firms up the fat (usually butter) in the dough, ensuring that the dough doesn't spread too quickly in the oven.

Why does refrigerated cookie dough taste better? ›

Chilling your cookie dough in the refrigerator after mixing it allows the flour to hydrate and gives the other ingredients time to blend, resulting in a richer, more well-rounded flavor profile.

Does resting cookie dough make it better? ›

So while resting the dough means you're another 30 or 60 minutes (or, if you're really committed, 72 hours) away from cookies, it also means those cookies will be chewier, gooier, and more delicious.

Why is my cookie dough so hard after chilling? ›

Solution: If you have kept your dough in the refrigerator and you find that it has developed a dry texture you will need to add more liquid. Add a teaspoon of water or milk and mix. I would recommend mixing with your hands to avoid overmixing the dough.

What is the benefit of refrigerating cookie dough before baking? ›

"When your dough is refrigerated, the butter hardens. So when you bake them, they spread less and hold their shape better," adds Epperson. "Which means a better likelihood of a soft, chewy cookie in the center." Chilling the dough creates fluffier cookies with better consistency.

How long can you leave cookie dough in the fridge? ›

Homemade cookie dough should be stored in small containers in the refrigerator for two to four days or freeze for two months. Alternatively, small quantities of dough can be frozen and thawed in the refrigerator as needed.

What can cause a cookie to spread too little when baking? ›

If you reduce the amount of butter or oil in a recipe, your cookies won't spread as much. If you add too much flour, your cookies won't spread as much. If your cookies have more brown sugar than white sugar, they won't spread as much.

How do you make refrigerated cookie dough better? ›

Here's how you can improve premade cookie dough or dough from a mix.
  1. Add spice to your dough. ...
  2. Punch up the flavor of your cookies by adding extracts. ...
  3. Before baking, roll the dough in a garnish of your choice. ...
  4. Stir nuts right into the dough for an added crunch. ...
  5. Add in your favorite savory snacks, like chips or pretzels.
Aug 3, 2020

How long does it take for refrigerated dough to come to room temperature? ›

After a cold bulk fermentation, allow your dough to regain some warmth on the counter for 40 to 60 minutes and become slightly puffy before shaping it. You can help the process along by stretching and folding the dough.

How to soften cookie dough from the fridge? ›

Take it out of the fridge and let it soften at room temperature for while, perhaps 30 minutes to an hour. If you are in a particular hurry, divide the dough into smaller parts; a small amount of dough will warm more quickly than a large lump. Do not put it in the microwave oven. Do not put it in a conventional oven.

Why does freezing cookie dough make it taste better? ›

When cookie dough is frozen, the fats and sugars in the dough have more time to meld together, resulting in a richer and more complex flavor. Additionally, freezing the dough helps to solidify the fats, which can prevent the cookies from spreading too much while baking, resulting in a thicker and chewier texture.

Should you refrigerate or freeze cookie dough? ›

Airtight containers: Place the cookie dough in an airtight container, such as a Tupperware or glass container, and store it in the fridge for 2-4 days or the freezer for up to 3 months.

Can I leave the dough overnight before baking? ›

For deeper flavour (and convenience), most doughs can be put in the fridge for their second rise and left to prove overnight. This sounds wrong, given that doughs rise fastest in warm conditions, but it really does work. Put the dough in the fridge straight after shaping, covered with oiled cling film.

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