What are curds and whey? (2024)

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It starts with curds and whey! Explore the basic chemistry behind making cheese in this hands on activity.

What You Need

  • 2 glasses or clear plastic cups
  • hom*ogenized or 2% white milk (not skim or 1%)
  • White vinegar – 5 mL (or 1 teaspoon)
  • Strong paper towels, coffee filter or cheesecloth
  • Lemon juice (optional for follow-up activity)
  • Tray or sink
  • Measuring spoon

Safety First!

Vinegar, lemon juice and baking soda will irritate sensitive skin and tissue. Do not rub your eyes while handling these items. Wash your hands immediately after you complete this activity.

What to Do

  1. Pour milk into a glass so that it is 1/4 full. Allow it to come to room temperature (this should take about 15 minutes).
  2. Carefully look at the milk. Describe what you see.
  3. Add 5 mL (1 teaspoon) of vinegar to the milk.
  4. Wait about 5 minutes.
  5. Swirl the milk around and look at the sides of the glass. What do you see? How has the milk changed?
  6. Use the paper towels, coffee filter or cheesecloth as a strainer to separate the curds (solid part) and whey (liquid part) in the tray or sink.
  7. Squeeze most of the liquid out of the curds.

Milk is a mixture and contains water, sugar (lactose), protein, fats and minerals. The vinegar helps to curdle the milk. Curdling happens when the solids in the milk (the proteins and fats) clump together and form a new substance, which are called curds. The curdling is the result of a chemical reaction between the vinegar (acid) and the fats and proteins. You can separate the curds out of the milk by pouring the clumpy mess through a filter like a strong paper towel or piece of cheesecloth. The liquid that passes through the paper towel or cheesecloth is called whey. These are the same “curds and whey” that appear in the nursery rhyme “Little Miss Muffet.” Curdling can also happen if heat or salt are added to milk.

Curdling is what happens when you keep milk after its expiration date has passed or if it has been left unrefrigerated too long. This is what it means when people say the milk has "gone bad” - it will taste very different from milk that is still fresh. This “natural curdling” or spoiling is also caused by chemical reactions that create acids in the milk as it gets old or warm. Those acids cause the proteins and fats to clump together, however the milk actually spoils because of the growth of bacteria that also occurs during this time.

Curdled milk is still safe to cook with. You can also buy curds in the grocery store. In fact, cheese is actually made from curdled milk! Cottage cheese is a great example.

  • Vinegar is a weak acid and so is lemon juice. What happens when you add lemon juice instead of vinegar?
  • Learn more here:Cheese-making Process – YouTube(Video – 4:48 min.)

For more information on this topic check out these Let's Talk Science resources:

What’s happening?

Milk is a mixture and contains water, sugar (lactose), protein, fats and minerals. The vinegar helps to curdle the milk. Curdling happens when the solids in the milk (the proteins and fats) clump together and form a new substance, which are called curds. The curdling is the result of a chemical reaction between the vinegar (acid) and the fats and proteins. You can separate the curds out of the milk by pouring the clumpy mess through a filter like a strong paper towel or piece of cheesecloth. The liquid that passes through the paper towel or cheesecloth is called whey. These are the same “curds and whey” that appear in the nursery rhyme “Little Miss Muffet.” Curdling can also happen if heat or salt are added to milk.

Why does it matter?

Curdling is what happens when you keep milk after its expiration date has passed or if it has been left unrefrigerated too long. This is what it means when people say the milk has "gone bad” - it will taste very different from milk that is still fresh. This “natural curdling” or spoiling is also caused by chemical reactions that create acids in the milk as it gets old or warm. Those acids cause the proteins and fats to clump together, however the milk actually spoils because of the growth of bacteria that also occurs during this time.

Curdled milk is still safe to cook with. You can also buy curds in the grocery store. In fact, cheese is actually made from curdled milk! Cottage cheese is a great example.

Investigate further

  • Vinegar is a weak acid and so is lemon juice. What happens when you add lemon juice instead of vinegar?
  • Learn more here:Cheese-making Process – YouTube(Video – 4:48 min.)

For more information on this topic check out these Let's Talk Science resources:

What are curds and whey? (2024)

FAQs

What are curds and whey? ›

Milk contains a protein called casein and when you add an acid (like vinegar or lemon juice) it causes those proteins to clump together. The solid clumps are called curds, and the leftover liquid is called whey–just like in “l*ttle Miss Muffet!”

What are curds and whey in Little Miss Muffet? ›

Rennin is an enzyme from a calf's stomach, and it makes some of the proteins in milk clump together. These clumping proteins are called "curd proteins," while the milk proteins that refuse to clump are called "whey proteins." These proteins are the curds and whey of Miss Muffet's lunch.

What does it mean to eat curds and whey? ›

We all know the nursery rhyme about Little Miss Muffet eating her curds and whey, but in today's world, I wonder how many people even know what they are. Curds are the easy part, in that they are the solids when you make cheese. The whey is just the liquid that is left over and is sometime just thrown away.

Are curds and whey healthy? ›

The Healing Benefits of Curd Cheese

It is packed with protein, rich in healing fats (the best coming from properly raised grass-fed animals) and, most important, is an excellent digestive aid. Fresh, unripened cheese made from raw cultured dairy products is bursting with probiotic (pro-life) activity.

What are curds and whey quizlet? ›

Whey. Thin, watery part of milk separated from the thicker curds. Yogurt. Milk-based food produced when milk is clotted by lactic acid-producing bacteria.

Are curds and whey junket? ›

In 1886 Hansen's Household Rennet Tablets made their appearance, accompanied by a simple recipe to make junket, an English dessert known also by other names such as curds and whey, slip, or rennet custard. The basic recipe has not changed materially since then.

What is eating curds and whey? ›

What are curds and whey? If you answered cottage cheese, you're right. The curd is the lumps and the whey is the liquid. While it may not sound very appetizing, cottage cheese has some health benefits to consider.

What's the difference between cottage cheese and curds and whey? ›

Cottage cheese is made by adding an acid, such as vinegar or a probiotic culture, to milk in order to separate the curds (solid) from the whey (liquid). The curds are then cut into large or small pieces and cooked to release moisture.

Are cheese curds OK to eat? ›

While having a low-calorie count, cheese curds pack in a lot of nutrients and things that are good for your body. One ounce of curds supplies you with plenty of vitamin B12, calcium, and protein. Check out this chart to see what you get from one ounce of cheese. These daily values are based on a 2,000-calorie diet.

Did people actually eat curds and whey? ›

While it's not exactly commonplace to chow down on plain cottage cheese these days, eating curds and whey as a snack was a relatively normal thing to do when the nursery rhyme was first published. If you do choose to spoon your cottage cheese directly into your mouth, though, no judgment here.

Is it okay to eat cottage cheese every day? ›

This fad diet provides quick weight loss by using cottage cheese as the basis for your meals. While it is safe for most people to eat cottage cheese every day, it should not be consumed to the extent that you exclude other food groups. Also, some types of cottage cheese contain high amounts of sodium and/or sugar.

When should I eat curds? ›

The best time to have curd is during the day, preferably in the morning or afternoon, as it is easier to digest. You can consume it plain or as part of a meal, such as with rice or vegetables. Adding a small amount of fruit, such as banana or mango, can also enhance the taste and nutritional value of curd.

What was Little Miss Muffet actually eating? ›

So there you have it: Little Miss Muffet sat on her tuffet, eating a dish consisting of the byproducts of cheesemaking. It's not quite as weird as it sounds. If you think about it, curds and whey are just cottage cheese in its purest form.

What is curd made of? ›

Curd is made by bacterial fermentation of milk. In this process, lactose in milk is converted into lactic acid by several probiotic microorganisms.

Are curd and yogurt same? ›

Curd typically has a looser texture and a milder flavour, as its fermentation process is less controlled. yoghurt, on the other hand, undergoes a more controlled fermentation, resulting in a thicker, custard-like consistency and a distinct tangy taste.

Are cheese curds just cheese? ›

A cheese curd isn't a special kind of cheese. It's just a young cheddar, one that hasn't been aged at all. These curds are separated from the whey during the cheesemaking process, and instead of being molded for a future cheese wheel, they're sliced up and bagged to be sold right away.

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